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Standing trees are the natural sources of several services and goods. Among them, carbon, timber and fresh fruits are the principal products.But at times, land is needed for developing infrastructure (railway tracts, roads, dam si...
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Standing trees are the natural sources of several services and goods. Among them, carbon, timber and fresh fruits are the principal products.But at times, land is needed for developing infrastructure (railway tracts, roads, dam sites, airports, townships, industrial estates, educational institutions etc.). The acquisition of land is usually done with trees standing on it. As a tree owner, interested in earning monetary value of carbon, timber and fruits from acquired trees, he is naturally interested in their fair value, he will receive for his products and how that fair value is determined.
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In near future, fuel cell (FC) based power generation system will witness higher scalability due to merits like reliability, portability and negligible environmental impact. This paper presents grid integrated fuel cell generator ...
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In near future, fuel cell (FC) based power generation system will witness higher scalability due to merits like reliability, portability and negligible environmental impact. This paper presents grid integrated fuel cell generator as micro grid and interacts with modeling and simulation of control architecture (voltage, active and reactive power) along with vital design aspect of interface filter. The fuel cell system output is connected to current controlled voltage source converter (VSC) which controls active and reactive power. Power balance control theory (PBCT) is used to generate gate pulses for VSC. Hybrid fuzzy PI controller is used to attain constant DC link voltage. Simulation of entire system based on fuel cells is undertaken through MATLAB/Simulink software. PBCT and synchronous reference frame theory (SRFT) control strategies are also compared for grid connected FC system.
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The crisis and ensuing recession have led the global leaders to focus inwards. While the trend had taken off with countries having to face rising inequality and a focus towards self-development, there is little evidence besides ne...
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The crisis and ensuing recession have led the global leaders to focus inwards. While the trend had taken off with countries having to face rising inequality and a focus towards self-development, there is little evidence besides newspaper articles to support this hypothesis from the Indian perspective. The results, using dynamic hierarchical factor model analysis, over a subset of 21 economies which account for 66% of India’s trade, reveal that India’s globalization has been withering away over time. Using time-varying parameter regression estimation on the domestic and factors loading, it is observed that the portion of growth explained by domestic factors is increasing over time and that of foreign factors is degrading. The study provides evidence of slowbalization in Indian economy. As the government looks forward to an era of self-reliance and Make in India, the results hold significance for the future growth trajectory of the Indian economy.
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Abstract Sponsored search has emerged as a prominent form of advertising on the internet and acts as a major source of revenue for various search engines. In this, the attention of the user is drawn towards the ads, presented as s...
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Abstract Sponsored search has emerged as a prominent form of advertising on the internet and acts as a major source of revenue for various search engines. In this, the attention of the user is drawn towards the ads, presented as sponsored links, along with organic search results, to the entered query, on a given search engine. Advertisers bid on keywords (also referred to as bid terms) of possible future search queries and pay accordingly on getting clicked. It is observed that normally the advertisers bid on frequently occurring keywords in the search queries which often leaves the revenue space of search engines underexplored. The paper presents a novel technique for maximizing the revenue of a given search engine by an adaptive keyword-weighted approach. The proposed approach ensures weight assignment to keywords based upon their impression-winning capability adaptively and progressively. It then couples the weights assigned with the rarity factor of the keywords leading to a revenue-maximizing ranking mechanism. Advertisers with lower bid values but relevant rare keywords are explored over the higher bidders. Quantitative analysis results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient and it shows significant improvement compared to the generalized balance algorithm.
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Marketing tools like organizing campaigns, banners, TV, and radio are traditionally designed for making the product more appealing and creating a need in the customers' minds. With the increased use of internet in our day-to-day l...
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Marketing tools like organizing campaigns, banners, TV, and radio are traditionally designed for making the product more appealing and creating a need in the customers' minds. With the increased use of internet in our day-to-day life, these traditional tools are being replaced rapidly by online marketing media. Online marketing is a two-way communication that can reach a large number of relevant people in less time by providing more information and removing geographical constraints. The companies can respond to the customers' requirements more speedily with better quality by making direct contact with them. Most of the online development work supports itself with the revenue earned through advertisements rather than subscription. Online marketing is one of the largest, most effective, and fastest advertising media. Today, it is an essential medium of advertising for meeting the desires and needs of the customer. This paper explores the history of online marketing along with its basic tools with a special emphasis on keyword-based search, recommendation engines, and real-time bidding.
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One of the most prominent fields of online advertising is Sponsored search and for various search engines, it acts as one of the main sources of revenue. This paper focuses on sponsored links displayed to the user along with searc...
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One of the most prominent fields of online advertising is Sponsored search and for various search engines, it acts as one of the main sources of revenue. This paper focuses on sponsored links displayed to the user along with search results when a query is fired by the user. Bidding on keywords is done by the advertiser for the expected future queries and accordingly, payment is done if clicked. A novel technique is proposed in this paper which aims to maximize the revenue earned by a search engine by using an Adaptive keyword weighted approach. Normally, the advertisers focus on keywords with a high frequency which leads to underexplored revenue of search engines. The approach proposed in this paper assigns weight to the keywords based on their winning probability. It also merges the assigned weight with the rarity factor leading to more revenue. With this approach, advertisers with relevant keywords which are rare are explored even if the bid value is low. Experimental results are shown in this paper for proving the improvements over the generalized balance algorithm.
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Integration of micro grid with utility power network has major concerns such as active power control and maintaining desired power quality (PQ) standards. Among several power quality issues, voltage dip and harmonics are critical ...
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Integration of micro grid with utility power network has major concerns such as active power control and maintaining desired power quality (PQ) standards. Among several power quality issues, voltage dip and harmonics are critical concerns impacting the overall performance and stability of system. In this paper, a grid connected DC micro grid (DCMG) is designed and controlled to ensure requisite power allocation between the micro-grid and utility grid system vis-à-vis DC link voltage regulation, load balancing and harmonic elimination. The utility grid and DCMG system are interfaced via voltage source converter (VSC). The DC link voltage of VSC is regulated using Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy logic controller (TSFLC) based synchronous reference frame technique to compensate for the reactive power demanded by the load. In the proposed architecture, DCMG consists of 8 kW photovoltaic (PV) energy system with maximum power point tracking (MPPT), 6 kW wind energy generation system with MPPT, 3 kW fuel cell (FC) energy systems and a VSC interfaced to three phase utility grid. Further, the TSFLC is compared with conventional PI controller under different operating conditions. It has advantages over classical controller such as better performance under dynamics and can be expressed in the form of the exact linear function. The effectiveness of proposed control method is validated under MALAB/SIMULINK software under different loading conditions.
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Using annual time series data from 1980-2015, the study aims to estimate the empirical relationship between India's trade, globalisation, and GDP growth. For this, ADF along with PP and KPSS techniques are used to establish statio...
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Using annual time series data from 1980-2015, the study aims to estimate the empirical relationship between India's trade, globalisation, and GDP growth. For this, ADF along with PP and KPSS techniques are used to establish stationarity. As there is evidence of cointegration, vector error correction model and DOLS estimations are used to adjudge the adjustment of variables. Wald test and Toda-Yamamoto Granger causality follow in analysis to investigate the short-run and the long-run causality, respectively. In order to assess the response path, variance decomposition and impulse response functions are created. Globalisation has a negative effect and trade bears a positive effect on economic growth. However, contrary to the perception of new growth theory, increasing trade and globalisation do not have an impact on the long-run economic growth. The novelty of the study lies in using an augmented version of KoF Index to avoid the problem of collinearity and more robust approach.
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India’s urbanization, though precipitous, is undirected, random, and opportunistic, shaped more by pressures than by policies. This has resulted in inequitable access to health services and adverse health outcomes for the urban p...
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India’s urbanization, though precipitous, is undirected, random, and opportunistic, shaped more by pressures than by policies. This has resulted in inequitable access to health services and adverse health outcomes for the urban poor. Late 2013 saw the launch of India’s National Urban Health Mission, a broad scheme aimed at prioritizing urban health in the country with an emphasis on the poor. Acknowledging both the diversity and complexity of urban poverty across India’s cities, a Technical Resource Group was convened by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare to support the process. We describe the context surrounding this effort and the procedure followed, which entailed in-depth interactions with the urban poor themselves and with officials, health system actors, civil society, and other stakeholders. Even as recommendations were accepted, given the meager allocation for health in the country, only piecemeal implementation is underway. Thus, policy processes are often a dialectic involving shifts that a range of stakeholders may variably resist or embrace. The most important lesson, however, is that it is both feasible and desirable to engage directly with the community, implementers, and researchers and to negotiate and connect their knowledge in the crafting of public policy.
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Six pharmaceuticals of different categories, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibupro-fen, ketoprofen, naproxen, diclofenac), anti-epileptic (carbamazepine), and anti-microbial (trimethoprim), were investigated in wast...
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Six pharmaceuticals of different categories, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibupro-fen, ketoprofen, naproxen, diclofenac), anti-epileptic (carbamazepine), and anti-microbial (trimethoprim), were investigated in wastewater of the urban areas of Ghaziabad and Lucknow, India. Samples were concentrated by solid phase extraction (SPE) and determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods. The SPE-HPLC method was validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. All the six drugs were detected in wastewater of Ghaziabad, whereas naproxen was not detected in Lucknow wastewater. Results suggest that levels of these detected drugs were relatively higher in Ghaziabad as compared to those in Lucknow, and diclofenac was the most frequently detected drug in both the study areas. Detection of these drugs in wastewater reflects the importance of wastewater inputs as a source of pharmaceuticals. In terms of the regional distribution of compounds in wastewater of two cities, higher spatial variations (coefficient of variation 112.90-459.44 %) were found in the Lucknow wastewater due to poor water exchange ability. In contrast, lower spatial variation (162.38-303.77 %) was observed in Ghaziabad. Statistical analysis results suggest that both data were highly skewed, and populations in two study areas were significantly different (p＜0.05). A risk assessment based on the calculated risk quotient (RQ) in six different bioassays (bacteria, duckweed, algae, daphnia, rotifers, and fish) showed that the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) posed high (RQ ＞1) risk to all the test species. The present study would contribute to the formulation of guidelines for regulation of such emerging pharmaceutical contaminants in the environment.
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